This is the archive of the goodrelations dicussion list

Dear all:

The distributed character of the Web makes it very likely that the exact 
same entity is being defined in multiple graphs. In particular, there 
will be significant redundancy in the definition of
- Business Entities and
- Product Models.

The main cause is that providers of data may define entities locally 
rather than searching for an authoritative URI on the Web. For example, 
someone exporting a catalog may want to refer to the manufacturer of a 
gr:ProductOrServiceModel or gr:ProductOrServicesSomeInstancesPlaceholder 
without searching for the authoritative URI of that manufacturer.

This is not a major technical problem, since providers of commerce 
dataspaces will very likely offer entity consolidation as one important 
feature.

For  your own projects, you can start with the following simple SPARQL 
CONSTRUCT rules to create owl:sameAs statements so that multiple 
definition of the very same entities will be treated as one.

Note that the current rules assume perfect equivalence of the legal 
names resp. the EAN/UPC code. You could use more sophisticated filters 
for expanding the scope of the consolidation, e.g. ignoring 
capitalization and special characters (e.g. "Miller Ltd." vs. "miller ltd").

# Consolidate Business Entities that have the exact same legalName
CONSTRUCT {?u2 owl:sameAs ?u1.}
WHERE   
{?u1 a gr:BusinessEntity.
?u2 a gr:BusinessEntity.
?u1 gr:legalName ?name1.
?u2 gr:legalName ?name2.
FILTER (?u1!=?u2 && ?name1=?name2)}

# Consolidate Product Models that have the exact same gr:hasEAN_UCC-13
CONSTRUCT {?u2 owl:sameAs ?u1.}
WHERE   
{?u1 a gr:ProductOrServiceModel.
?u2 a gr:ProductOrServiceModel.
?u1 gr:hasEAN_UCC-13 ?ean1.
?u2 gr:hasEAN_UCC-13 ?ean2.
FILTER (?u1!=?u2 && ?ean1=?ean2 && ?ean1!="")}

Important:
1. Make sure you consolidate only nodes of the same type. For example, 
two gr:Offerings may have the same gr:hasEAN_UCC-13 property, but are of 
course not the same.
2. For local sets of such statements, you have any degree of freedom and 
I encourage you to experiment with different ones. Before publishing 
such sameAs statements, however, run thorough quality checks first. 
Reckless usage of sameAs can spam the Web of Linked Data, and dataspaces 
will consequently ignore all your graphs.

Best wishes

Martin Hepp


-- 
--------------------------------------------------------------
martin hepp
e-business & web science research group
universitaet der bundeswehr muenchen

e-mail:  hepp at ebusiness-unibw.org
phone:   +49-(0)89-6004-4217
fax:     +49-(0)89-6004-4620
www:     http://www.unibw.de/ebusiness/ (group)
         http://www.heppnetz.de/ (personal)
skype:   mfhepp 
twitter: mfhepp

Check out GoodRelations for E-Commerce on the Web of Linked Data!
=================================================================

Webcast:
http://www.heppnetz.de/projects/goodrelations/webcast/

Recipe for Yahoo SearchMonkey:
http://www.ebusiness-unibw.org/wiki/GoodRelations_and_Yahoo_SearchMonkey

Talk at the Semantic Technology Conference 2009: 
"Semantic Web-based E-Commerce: The GoodRelations Ontology"
http://www.slideshare.net/mhepp/semantic-webbased-ecommerce-the-goodrelations-ontology-1535287

Overview article on Semantic Universe:
http://www.semanticuniverse.com/articles-semantic-web-based-e-commerce-webmasters-get-ready.html

Project page:
http://purl.org/goodrelations/

Resources for developers:
http://www.ebusiness-unibw.org/wiki/GoodRelations

Tutorial materials:
CEC'09 2009 Tutorial: The Web of Data for E-Commerce: A Hands-on Introduction to the GoodRelations Ontology, RDFa, and Yahoo! SearchMonkey 
http://www.ebusiness-unibw.org/wiki/Web_of_Data_for_E-Commerce_Tutorial_IEEE_CEC%2709


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